Sunday, October 26, 2025

Understanding Journalism—The Craft of Informing the World By—Babuddin Usmani

Understanding Journalism

The Craft of Informing the World

ByBabuddin Usmani

In a world bursting with news, where events unfold across the globe in the blink of an eye, journalism is our window to understanding it all. It’s not just about reporting facts—it’s the art of discovering, verifying, and sharing information through newspapers, TV, radio, and online platforms. Journalism is a promise: to be truthful, fair, and objective, helping people make sense of events and their wider impact. It is a profession, a method of inquiry, and an academic field, shaping how communities think, discuss, and act.

What Journalism Really Does?

At its heart, journalism has a few essential roles:

  • Gathering Information: Journalists collect news from multiple sources—eyewitnesses, officials, documents, or firsthand experiences—to uncover what’s happening.

  • Verifying and Explaining: They check facts carefully, separate opinion from truth, and provide context so the public understands why events matter.

  • Sharing the News: Once verified, information is presented through articles, videos, podcasts, or social media, making it accessible and understandable.

  • Keeping the Public Informed: Above all, journalism ensures people know about important events and ideas, helping them make informed decisions and engage in society.

Through these roles, journalism becomes more than reporting—it is a watchdog, storyteller, and teacher, connecting the world’s events to the people they affect.

Evolution of News Media

Journalism has a long history. Some historians say the first newspaper appeared in 1605, when Johann Carolus published Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien in Strasbourg. By the 1700s, newspapers like England’s Daily Courant brought news from across the world to readers. Over the centuries, handwritten newsletters evolved into printed newspapers and, eventually, the multimedia news industry we know today.

The late 20th century brought television and the Internet, which changed everything. 24-hour news channels and online publications challenged traditional newspapers. Some adapted with online editions and multimedia storytelling, while others struggled. Yet, journalism continued to grow, fueled by rising literacy, a growing middle class, and cheaper technologies.

How Thinkers Shaped Journalism?

Two thinkers, Walter Lippmann and John Dewey, had very different ideas about journalism.

  • Walter Lippmann saw journalists as interpreters between the public and decision-makers. The public relied on journalists to make sense of complicated policies and events.

  • John Dewey believed in public discussion and participation. He thought people could understand issues and influence decisions through debate and conversation.

Modern journalism often blends these ideas: providing expert analysis while encouraging public engagement.

Many Faces of Journalism

Journalism comes in many forms, each with a unique purpose:

  • Advocacy Journalism: Highlights social issues or promotes a perspective to influence public opinion.

  • Investigative Journalism: Digs deep to expose corruption, injustice, or wrongdoing.

  • Broadcast Journalism: Uses radio or television to tell stories with visuals and sound.

  • Tabloid and Yellow Journalism: Focuses on sensational headlines and dramatic stories.

  • Drone Journalism: Uses drones to capture visuals from angles previously impossible.

Despite these differences, the goal is the same: to inform the public and hold power accountable.

Role of the Journalist

Journalists are more than reporters—they are investigators, storytellers, and sometimes society’s guardians. According to Bill Kovach and Tom Rosenstiel in The Elements of Journalism:

  • The journalist’s loyalty is to the public.

  • Truth and accuracy are non-negotiable.

  • Journalists must remain independent of those they cover.

  • Verification and context are essential.

  • Journalism should provide a platform for public criticism and dialogue.

These principles guide journalists as they watch governments, corporations, and other powerful institutions while keeping citizens informed.

How is News Produced?

Journalists begin by collecting information. Print reporters write stories; broadcast journalists record videos, conduct interviews, and present visual narratives. Editors review, verify, and refine stories to ensure clarity and accuracy.

Television news uses formats like anchor voice-overs, packages, and VOX POP interviews to present stories dynamically. Print journalism relies on editors to balance accuracy, readability, and space. News production is a careful process of research, verification, writing, and ethical judgment.

News Agencies and Global Coverage

Agencies like Reuters, Associated Press (AP), and Agence France-Presse (AFP) play a crucial role in providing news worldwide. They supply content to newspapers, broadcasters, and online outlets, ensuring even remote events are covered. Governments, companies, and individuals also rely on them for timely, verified news.

Online and alternative agencies complement traditional ones, offering citizen-driven perspectives and diverse viewpoints.

Foreign Correspondents: Eyes on the World

One of journalism’s most exciting and challenging roles is foreign reporting. Foreign correspondents live abroad, often in capital cities or key regions, covering countries or continents. They gather news from officials, locals, and media, building networks to identify trustworthy sources.

Special envoys, meanwhile, are sent temporarily to cover specific issues or crises. Both face dangers—political restrictions, war zones, or high costs. Freelance journalists, or stringers, may report for several outlets at once when permanent positions are unavailable.

Over the past 20 years, the number of foreign correspondents has declined, raising concerns about the depth of global reporting. Many stories now go unverified or rely solely on local sources, making the work of dedicated correspondents vital.

Protecting Sources and Ethical Reporting

A journalist’s power often depends on protecting confidential sources. Known as “reporter’s privilege” in the U.S., this allows whistleblowers and informants to share information safely. The Watergate scandal is a famous example, where Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein relied on the anonymous source “Deep Throat.”

Legal protections differ worldwide, and digital communication has made maintaining anonymity more complex. International law increasingly recognises the importance of source protection, with courts affirming it as essential for press freedom.

Journalists also navigate ethical dilemmas, balancing the public’s right to know with privacy. Investigating corruption or crime may require discretion, as revealing information can have serious consequences.

Impact of Television and the Internet

The 1990s brought 24-hour news channels and online journalism, transforming how people consume news. Newspapers faced declining circulation and revenue, prompting digital editions. While some struggled, others thrived, aided by higher literacy and wider access.

Television and the Internet brought immediacy, letting events reach global audiences instantly. Social media platforms like Twitter and Facebook allow eyewitnesses to share news before traditional outlets, changing reporting and verification dynamics.

Professional and Ethical Standards

Journalists follow ethical codes to maintain accuracy, fairness, and public trust. For instance, the UK Press Complaints Commission enforces rules on privacy and reporting. Ethical journalism requires sensitivity, especially when covering personal stories, crime, or investigations.

Budget limits, corporate pressures, or editorial bias can challenge these standards. Maintaining independence from commercial influence is crucial for credibility. Ethical journalism ensures the public receives truthful and unbiased information, even under pressure.

Closure

Journalism is far more than reporting events—it is a cornerstone of democracy. It holds power accountable, informs citizens, and empowers society. From local reporters to foreign correspondents, from newspapers to online platforms, journalists work tirelessly to collect, verify, and share news. Their efforts shape public understanding, influence decisions, and promote transparency.

As technology evolves, journalism faces both challenges and opportunities. Protecting sources, upholding ethical standards, and adapting to new media are essential. Ultimately, journalism’s purpose remains the same: to keep the public informed, engaged, and empowered in a complex world.

Thursday, October 23, 2025

Ahmad Raza Khan Barelvi: The Light Still Shines_Translation: Babuddin Usmani

 

Ahmad Raza Khan Barelvi

The Light Still Shines

 "I am honoured to share a beautiful composition originally written in Urdu by my beloved teacher, Dr Muzaffar Hussain Syed (Dr M.H. Syed) (Alig). His words have always inspired me deeply, and I have attempted to convey their essence in English."

Original Composition (in Urdu): Dr Muzaffar Hussain Syed
Translation: Babuddin Usmani

Prelude: A Glimpse of a Great Soul

The personality of A‘la Hazrat, Maulana Ahmad Raza Khan (raḥimahullāh), is so great, so vast in every aspect, that an entire comprehensive treatise could be devoted to each single dimension of his life. Even a full-length independent book might still fall short of capturing the boundless scope of his invaluable services and scholarly legacy.

This frail pen, poor in knowledge and insight, possesses neither the learning nor the discernment to write adequately about his religious services, his scholarly stature, or his poetic treasures. Yet, as an expression of reverence and emotion, a humble tribute is due. Therefore, this insignificant servant has chosen to focus on one radiant aspect of that towering personality—an aspect comparatively simple to describe, yet profound in its beauty and meaning. Through it, perhaps, a faint ray of homage may reach his luminous presence.

That aspect is none other than A‘la Hazrat’s unmatched humility, incomparable modesty, and sublime character. Yes, Maulana Ahmad Raza Khan was the embodiment of humility—an image of noble temperament and an exalted model of self-effacement. His noble traits were vast and boundless—and rightly so—for a man so deeply devoted to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a leader who patterned his entire life upon the perfect Sunnah of the Prophet, was destined to reflect the “most exalted character.”

His Rare Genius and Multidimensional Greatness

The revered Maulana Ahmad Raza Khan Fāzil-e-Bareilvī was a once-in-a-century genius, a unique and extraordinary personality. In his blessed being and exemplary conduct, he combined such a wide range of virtues that it would be difficult—indeed, nearly impossible—to find among the eminent scholars of Islam one equally versatile, equally profound in knowledge, and equally gifted in thought.

His greatness shone in countless directions: he was simultaneously a jurist of Islam, a passionate lover of the Prophet ﷺ, a poet of devotion, an eminent author, a master of mathematics, a thinker who understood scientific subjects, and a visionary of the highest rank.

Reflections of Humility and Generosity

The following few incidents offer only a faint reflection of A‘la Hazrat’s generosity, dignity, humility, simplicity, and serene self-contentment—qualities beyond measure. Volumes could be filled with such accounts.

His modesty was such that he could not bear the thought of hurting another’s heart. Rather, exceeding even his apparent capacity, he constantly sought to bring comfort, encouragement, and goodwill to all. In doing so, he presented the finest example of the Prophet’s ﷺ noble character.

To convey a glimpse of his greatness, here are a few illustrative examples.

The Poor Host and the Saintly Guest

Once, a poor young man, destitute and anxious, earnestly begged A‘la Hazrat to grace his humble dwelling and partake of a meal there. Out of kindness, the Maulana accepted the invitation.

The young man lived in a remote and underdeveloped area, difficult to reach. Yet A‘la Hazrat, after much hardship, made the journey. When the young host caught sight of him approaching from afar, he cried out in delight, “The great Maulana has come!”

Until that moment he had doubted whether the revered scholar would truly honour his request; thus his joy knew no bounds. At that moment, one of A‘la Hazrat’s companions whispered that the house belonged to a drummer—a man once known for beating the naqqāra (ceremonial drum). The Maulana hesitated briefly but did not stop.

At the door he asked, “Where is your father?” The young man’s mother replied from behind the curtain, “My husband has passed away; this is my only son.” A‘la Hazrat then asked, “What was your husband’s occupation?” The woman answered patiently, “He used to play the drum, but he abandoned that work before his death and regretted it deeply. Now my son labours as a mason’s helper and earns lawful bread.”

Hearing this, the Maulana breathed a sigh of relief, thanked Allah Almighty, and sat down at the poor family’s humble table. He ate the simple meal of millet bread and lentils. When finished, he prayed earnestly for the household’s prosperity and blessing.

Courtesy at the Expense of Health

On another occasion, during a feast, beef was served. A‘la Hazrat had long been forbidden such meat by physicians, for it gravely affected his health. Yet, without showing the slightest sign of displeasure or hesitation, he ate what was offered. When his companions tried to protest, he silently gestured for them to remain quiet.

As a result, he suffered severe pain for several days afterwards—but he bore the suffering cheerfully, choosing to sacrifice his own comfort rather than hurt his host’s feelings.

His Charity and Spirit of Contentment

It was A‘la Hazrat’s constant practice never to send any beggar away empty-handed. He had arranged fixed monthly stipends for the poor, the disabled, and widows, which were discreetly delivered to them in secrecy and humility.

Once, a needy man came to him, explained his dire condition, and sought assistance. After hearing him, A‘la Hazrat said softly,

“At present, I have only a single chawni (a quarter of a rupee), which I had set aside for a necessity. This very morning I had two hundred and fifty rupees — a large sum for our time — but I have already distributed it among those in need. Now, I do not have even a single coin left.”

Then, moved by compassion, he handed over that one remaining chawni to the man. Such was the state of his generosity and detachment from worldly wealth.

A Life of Renunciation

A‘la Hazrat belonged to a noble and respectable family of landowners. His hereditary estate provided him with a fair income, and he regularly received his rightful share. Yet despite this, no amount of wealth or possessions ever accumulated in his hands long enough for a year to pass so that zakāt might become due upon it.

He would often say:

“I have never in my life paid zakāt, for it was never obligatory upon me.”

And how could it be, when he never allowed his wealth to remain idle — always distributing it to those in need before the time came?

His piety was such that he would never present any request before anyone except Allah, his Provider and Sustainer. He was a shining example of complete trust in Allah (tawakkul ‘alā Allāh), for indeed, Allah alone was his guardian and his Provider.

His Detachment from Nobles and Royalty

Such was his independence that A‘la Hazrat consistently avoided the company of princes and men of rank. Once, through an intermediary, he received a message that the Nawab of Rampur wished to meet him. He politely declined.

Later, when the Nawab was passing through Bareilly by train, he sent one of his officials with a gift — a generous offering of fifteen hundred rupees (a large amount in that era). But A‘la Hazrat refused even to meet the emissary. He sent back a message:

“Take this money away. In this poor man’s humble chamber, there is no room for such worldly treasure. Nor can this faqīr bear the royal favours of kings. Furthermore, this dervish is unfamiliar with the etiquettes of the court and therefore cannot appear before it.”

What grandeur of self-sufficiency! What sublime disdain for worldly wealth!

Reverence for the Descendants of the Prophet ﷺ

Once, by coincidence, a young Sayyid boy was appointed to assist A‘la Hazrat in his service. As soon as he learned of the boy’s noble lineage, he commanded all his attendants:

“No one shall take any service from this Sayyid child. Rather, fulfil his every request promptly and with respect. His salary must be paid regularly and on time.”

Indeed, A‘la Hazrat’s deep reverence for the Ahl-e-Bayt (the family of the Prophet ﷺ) stemmed from his intense love for the Messenger of Allah.

Once, a poor Sayyid traveller came to his door and called out, “Is there anyone who will help a descendant of the Prophet?”

By coincidence, that very day, A‘la Hazrat had just received his monthly share of income — the money meant for his daily expenses. Without hesitation, he placed the entire sum in a small chest and presented it to the Sayyid.

The modest man, however, accepted only a quarter of it and returned the rest. A‘la Hazrat insisted:

“Master, please accept it all — it is but a humble gift.”

But the noble Sayyid declined, saying he would take no more than he required.

Deeply moved, A‘la Hazrat immediately instructed his disciples and attendants:

“From now on, every month, a fixed amount must be set aside for this Sayyid. And it must reach him before he even asks for it. Let there be no delay or negligence in this duty.”

His Selflessness and the Ongoing Radiance

Such was A‘la Hazrat’s generosity that he would distribute all his belongings — both ordinary and valuable — among the poor and needy. If anyone asked for assistance, he would even give away the very garment he was wearing.

Whenever a disciple, follower, or friend presented him with a gift, he would soon pass it on to someone else — often the same day, and rarely after a few days — finding in this act of giving a deep sense of peace and spiritual joy.

Once, his younger brother gifted him a fine silk quilt. By coincidence, a poor man arrived that very moment and asked for something warm for the winter. Without a second thought, A‘la Hazrat handed him the same quilt.

The blankets and quilts that were distributed to the needy that winter had already been exhausted — but he could not bear to send a seeker away empty-handed.

The Everlasting Radiance

Nearly a century has passed since A‘la Hazrat left this mortal world, yet his light continues to shine—his influence remains vibrant, his blessings still flow, and his guidance continues to illuminate hearts.

“He has departed, leaving his abode behind,
Yet none can deny — his light still shines.”

(چلا گیا ہے، مکیں چھوڑ کر مکان اپنا ;  کوئی نہیں ہے مگر، چھن رہا ہے نور اب تک)

 

Wednesday, October 22, 2025

Air Pollution: A Silent Threat to Life and the Planet__Written by Babuddin Usmani

 

Air Pollution: 

A Silent Threat to Life and the Planet

Understanding its causes, effects, and the urgent need for collective action

 Written by Babuddin Usmani


When the Air Turns against Us

Imagine stepping outside on a bright morning expecting a breath of fresh air, but instead finding the air thick with smoke and dust. This is the reality for millions around the world today. Air pollution, once an invisible problem, has become one of humanity’s greatest challenges.

Though we cannot see it, the air around us is the lifeline of every organism. When that air becomes polluted with harmful particles and gases, it silently damages our bodies, our environment, and the delicate balance of the planet. The World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that more than seven million people die each year due to exposure to polluted air.

Air pollution is not confined to industrial cities; it is a global crisis that affects rural communities, oceans, forests, and even the most remote mountain peaks.

What is Air Pollution?

Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful or unwanted substances in the atmosphere that alter its natural composition. These pollutants can come from both natural and human-made sources.

The main pollutants include:

  • Carbon monoxide (CO)a poisonous gas from incomplete fuel combustion.

  • Sulphur dioxide (SO₂)released when coal and oil are burned.

  • Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emitted by vehicles and industries.

  • Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) tiny dust particles that enter the lungs.

  • Ground-level ozone (O₃) formed when sunlight reacts with industrial and vehicle emissions.

Even small increases in these pollutants can have serious environmental and health consequences.

Figure: Diagram showing major air pollutants and their sources.


Major Causes of Air Pollution

Modern development and industrial progress are key contributors to rising air pollution levels. The main causes are:

1. Industrial and Power Plant Emissions

Factories, refineries, and power stations release vast amounts of smoke, dust, and toxic gases. The use of coal and oil in outdated systems adds to the volume of pollutants in the air.

2. Vehicular Emissions

Cars, trucks, and buses produce carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons. With millions of vehicles on the roads, especially in urban centres, transport pollution remains a major challenge.

3. Burning of Fossil Fuels

Fossil fuels power industries and households, but at a great environmental cost. Their combustion emits carbon dioxide and soot, both of which contribute to climate change and poor air quality.

4. Agricultural Practices

Figure: Infographic linking each cause to pollution type
Certain farming activities release harmful gases. Stubble burning, chemical fertilisers, and pesticides emit methane and ammonia, polluting rural and urban air alike.

5. Waste Burning and Deforestation

Open burning of plastic and garbage releases dioxins and other toxic chemicals. Deforestation worsens air pollution by reducing nature’s ability to absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

6. Construction and Mining

Dust from construction sites, quarrying, and mining contributes heavily to particulate pollution, especially in fast-growing cities.

Effects of Air Pollution

Air pollution’s impact extends from individual health to global climate systems.

1. Threat to Human Health

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can travel deep into the lungs and bloodstream. Continuous exposure leads to asthma, heart disease, lung cancer, and reduced immunity. Children and the elderly are particularly at risk.

2. Environmental Damage

Polluted air damages crops, forests, and wildlife. Acid rain, formed by sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, corrodes monuments and changes the chemistry of soil and water.

3. Climate Change

Air pollutants such as carbon dioxide, methane, and black carbon trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. This accelerates glacier melt, extreme weather events, and sea-level rise.

4. Economic and Social Consequences

Air pollution affects productivity, increases healthcare costs, and reduces agricultural output. Nations spend billions treating diseases and repairing environmental damage.

Solutions: Steps Towards Cleaner Air

The good news is that air pollution can be reduced with collective will and informed choices.

1. Transition to Clean Energy

Replacing coal and petroleum with renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower can drastically cut emissions. Governments should support clean-energy research and provide incentives for adoption.

2. Sustainable Transport

Encouraging public transport, cycling, and carpooling reduces vehicular emissions. Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid engines can make cities cleaner if supported by proper infrastructure.

3. Industrial Regulations

Industries must use pollution-control devices like filters and electrostatic precipitators. Strict environmental laws, regular monitoring, and green certifications can ensure compliance.

4. Eco-friendly Agriculture

Farmers can replace stubble burning with sustainable methods such as composting and using bio-decomposers. Organic farming reduces chemical pollutants.

5. Urban Green Spaces

Planting trees and creating green belts absorbs pollutants and lowers city temperatures. Trees like neem, peepal, and banyan are particularly effective in filtering the air.

6. Waste Management

Recycling, composting, and banning open burning are crucial. Converting waste to energy reduces both landfills and emissions.

7. Personal Responsibility

Individuals can make a difference by conserving electricity, avoiding plastic, using energy-efficient appliances, and supporting environmental policies.

Government and Global Efforts

Governments worldwide are working to reduce air pollution. In India, the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) aims to reduce particulate pollution in major cities by 20–30%. Internationally, agreements like the Paris Climate Accord and Sustainable Development Goal 13 focus on mitigating climate change through cleaner practices.

Cities such as Delhi, Beijing, and London have introduced low-emission zones and encouraged public transport systems to curb pollution. Global cooperation and public awareness remain essential for success.

Breathing Hope into the Future

Air pollution is a silent but deadly enemy. It affects all living beings, knows no borders, and spares no community. Yet, it is a problem we can solve with determination and unity.

By choosing renewable energy, adopting cleaner habits, and supporting strict environmental laws, we can protect the air that sustains us. Every effort—whether planting a single tree or reducing a car journey—brings us one step closer to a healthier planet.

Let us act today so that future generations may breathe air that is pure, fresh, and full of life.

🌍 Breathe Clean. Live Green. Protect Our Shared Sky.

Monday, October 20, 2025

Ashfaq Ullah Khan_Dr Muzaffar Hussain Syed (Dr M.H. Syed) (Alig)—Translation: Babuddin Usmani

 Ashfaq Ullah Khan

 The Embodiment of Courage, Faith, and Freedom

Keep alight, upon the crest, the lamps of the heads, 
So long as this dark night of grief endures.

فرازِ دار پہ رکھتے چلو سروں کے چراغ)

(جہاں تلک یہ غموں کی سیہ رات چلے

  "I am honoured to share a beautiful composition originally written in Urdu by my beloved teacher, Dr Muzaffar Hussain Syed (Dr M.H. Syed) (Alig). His words have always inspired me deeply, and I have attempted to convey their essence in English."

                                                  Translation: Babuddin Usmani 

In the spirit of the verse above, the first son of the motherland and the nation who, at the very outset of the struggle for freedom, proved his patriotism, his steadfastness to principle, his youthful gallantry and unmatched courage by offering his life first — that bold and brave man was Ashfaq Ullah Khan. Undoubtedly, this self-sacrificing son of the soil, the pride of his people and nation, this earliest martyr of freedom, cannot be excised from the luminous annals of India’s struggle for independence. Our younger generation may not be fully acquainted with this freedom fighter; therefore, it is our indisputable duty to acquaint them.

To properly gauge Ashfaq Ullah Khan’s importance and to determine his rightful place in the struggle for liberty, it is essential to understand the background of his era. After the failure of India’s First War of Independence (1857) and the sorrowful end of that golden chapter, a hush settled over the land for roughly half a century. Although a few minor, localised movements continued and, after the founding of the Congress, its early leaders masked themselves in prudence and a gentle demeanour and spoke cautiously to the colonial authorities, their tone was not strident, their proposals lacked militancy, and the idea of full independence remained far from view.

Against that backdrop, on 22 October 1909 — only two months before the new century — in a period of repression, in the populous and combative countryside of Shahjahanpur, a son was born to the Pathan zamindar Shafiq Ullah Khan. He was named Ashfaq Ullah Khan; his mother was called Mazhar-un-Nisa. His parents belonged to distinguished Pathan families with long martial traditions. The bold ancestors of these families had offered numerous and unparalleled examples of courage during the Mughal period, and during British rule many members of the family served in the army or police — for, apart from soldiering, there was neither tradition nor inclination toward other occupations. Yet Ashfaq Ullah Khan was born with a singular temperament. Although many in his family, clan and settlement were part of the British apparatus, his mind would not bow to the supremacy of the English. When he opened his eyes, he saw firearms all around him and heard the elders recount tales of valour; the air was charged with rebellion. Even in the age of subjugation, signs of revolt were evident everywhere. While there were no loud proclamations yet, an undercurrent of unrest and impatience flowed through society. The British government and its bought Indian functionaries were so harsh that tongues were muzzled and movements restrained. Understandably, Ashfaq Ullah felt suffocated by this atmosphere; everywhere there was a choking staleness.

Ashfaq was the youngest among four brothers. His brothers and other young men of his age, like the youth of landed households of that era, enjoyed sport and hunting. However, one elder brother, Riyasat Ullah Khan, had a measure of taste for learning and literature, and he delighted in the company of the well-educated; his influence deeply affected Ashfaq’s intellectual development. Thus, although Ashfaq inherited courage and daring by birth and nature, his mind also inclined toward a non-Pathan pastime — poetry and rhetoric.

In the quiet life of Shahjahanpur, a small stir occurred when an Urdu revolutionary poet began literary and political activities: Pandit Ram Prasad Bismil. In the coming years, he would turn one of his couplets into a rallying cry for revolution. The couplet was:

We long now for the life of self-sacrifice in our hearts; 
Let us see how much strength there is in the murderer’s arm. 

سرفروشی کی تمنّا اب ہمارے دل میں ہے)

(دیکھنا ہے، زور کتنا بازوئے قاتل میں ہے

It should be noted that this couplet is commonly ascribed to Ram Prasad Bismil’s poetic thought, though the precise authorship is a subject for research; nonetheless, whatever its origin, Bismil spread the verse door to door and street to street until it became the speech of the people.

Mention of Ram Prasad Bismil is indispensable because without him, Ashfaq Ullah Khan’s story cannot be complete. Bismil was both a poet and a revolutionary. Earlier entangled in the “Mainpuri conspiracy,” he had returned to Shahjahanpur and begun a new life under the pretence of trade; he organised literary gatherings, but at heart he was the stimulant of a new kind of revolutionary activity and was absorbed in it day and night. By the way, Ashfaq’s elder brother, Riyasat Ullah Khan, had praised his former classmate Bismil so enthusiastically that Ashfaq longed to meet him. At a public meeting, he introduced himself to Bismil and declared his own love for poetry. After completing his education, Ashfaq took to poetic pursuits, first adopting the takhallus (pen-name) Warisi and later Hasrat. Bismil initially treated Ashfaq with no special attention, and their conversation was brief. Gradually, however, Ashfaq came into Bismil’s view; besides poetry circles, in private talk, Bismil drew Ashfaq into his revolutionary thinking and acquainted him with his plans for liberation. The spark hit red-hot iron: Ashfaq already detested English domination and was ever ready for action. The work moved forward; people gathered, and the caravan formed. Within a short time, a group of young men stood ready — a cadre willing to lay down their lives for the motherland, willing to make any sacrifice for freedom. Bismil led them, and Ashfaq Ullah was among the most active, the boldest, the most capable.

By then, an underground revolutionary organisation called the Hindustani Republican Army had been formed; its manifesto was titled Inquilabi (The Revolutionary), and this manifesto was being distributed widely in secret. It was the first half of the third decade of the twentieth century. Fighters like Bhagat Singh and Chandra Shekhar Azad had already entered the stage of the freedom struggle, but Ashfaq Ullah and his companions had begun earlier, and among them, the honour of being the very first to lay down his life for the cause came to Ashfaq — the first Muslim martyr of freedom in this renewed armed uprising that followed the 1857 revolt.

To continue their struggle and to purchase weapons, Bismil, Ashfaq, and their compatriots needed substantial funds — funds not easy to obtain. The great landlords and native princes, bound by loyalty and fear before the British government, did not assist; it was beyond the ordinary citizens’ capacity. Thus the plan emerged to fund their movement by looting government treasuries. The young patriots argued that an alien gang had been plundering the country and its people for two hundred years; taking from those very treasuries to finance the national cause could not be deemed illegitimate — after all, the public funds were rightfully the property of Indians. Following this thinking, in 1921, successful incidents occurred in Calcutta and Chittagong, where government coffers were seized.

Emboldened by those successes, a plan was made to rob a government treasury on a train. Secret information had reached them that several government cash boxes would soon be transported from Saharanpur to Lucknow. Thus, on 8 August 1925, a covert meeting at Shahjahanpur — attended by Bismil, Ashfaq, Chandra Shekhar Azad from Unnao, Thakur Roshan Singh and Madan Lal from Shahjahanpur, Rajinder Lahri and Manmath Nath Gupta of Banaras, Binwari Lal of Rae Bareli, Makundi Lal of Etawah, Kaship Chakravarty of Calcutta, and Sachindra Nath Sanyal from another district of Bengal — ten men in all — finalised a plan to loot the No. 8 down train carrying the treasury from Saharanpur to Lucknow the next day. The whole scheme was set, and the other comrades were informed. Because the operation was dangerous and required exquisite coordination, their preparations were meticulous.

Finally, the next day, about thirty-two miles before Lucknow, a little after Kakori station, a group of young men aboard the train pulled the emergency brake and halted the carriage. Overpowering the guard, they seized control of the truck; other revolutionaries who had hidden in the woods on both sides of the railway quickly emerged. Within moments, the entire operation was complete, and the cash-laden boxes were taken off the train. A shot was fired and, by misfortune, one passenger was killed, though the assailants had not intended to harm any passenger nor to snatch personal belongings. The action was executed with speed and precision. After the successful raid, the freedom fighters dispersed in various directions.

The following day, the whole country was shaken. The British government was stunned by the audacity of Indian youth. Thereupon, the colonial machinery began a repressive sweep. The Viceroy ordered the intelligence department to investigate the grave incident and even sought assistance from Scotland Yard in London. Remarkably swift, the investigation concluded within a month. The British police planned raids to arrest all suspects in one night: Ram Prasad Bismil was captured from Saharanpur, some men from Shahjahanpur, and others from different places. Ashfaq Ullah Khan, however, evaded the police and initially fled to Banaras, then to some unknown place in Bihar, where he temporarily found employment at an industrial concern. Thus, he remained in hiding for about ten months, then resolved to go to Delhi. He had not lost heart; he intended to renew and broaden the movement. His aims in going to Delhi were twofold: first, to meet the renowned revolutionary Lala Hardayal; second, to secure assistance for travel abroad so that external help for India’s freedom might be obtained. (The Silk Letter movement had failed, yet some countrymen abroad were still pursuing India’s cause.) Perhaps Ashfaq had similar plans in mind. Alas, that dream never came to fruition.

In Delhi, Ashfaq lodged with a Pathan friend who knew of his past activities and that he was in hiding. That traitor informed the Delhi police of Ashfaq’s presence, which led to his arrest. Like many revolutionaries, he was betrayed by someone he trusted — otherwise the forces of repression might not have reached him so quickly. The police officer who arrested him was Deputy Captain Tasaddaq Husain Khan, who attempted to exploit communal divisions and induce Ashfaq to testify against Ram Prasad Bismil, perhaps aiming to make him a state witness. But Ashfaq’s character was not that of a man to be ensnared; he refused the trap outright. When the officer argued that Bismil was a communal Hindu, Ashfaq replied sharply, cuttingly: “Khan Sahib, I know Bismil better than you. He is not that sort of man. And even if your statement were true, I believe a Hindu India would be far better than the British India in which you serve as a slave.” One can imagine the shock on the officer’s face. Ashfaq was handed over to Faizabad and imprisoned in the district jail. During incarceration, he and his comrades went on hunger strikes; they demanded to be treated as political prisoners because their actions had been directed against the government. The cruel rulers did not accept their claim.

The legal proceedings began. The first hearing took place before Judge Syed Ain-ud-Din, and the case was then transferred to a special district court presided over by British Judge A. Hamilton, where four legal experts — Abbas Salim Khan, Binwari Lal Bhargava, Gyan Chatterji and Mohammad Ayub — studied the matter and prepared the case papers. The crown appointed famous lawyer Jagat Narain Mulla as prosecutor. It is argued that the British rulers deliberately chose Jagat Narain to prosecute the revolutionaries because he bore some hostility toward Ram Prasad Bismil — a grudge dating back to an earlier incident in Lucknow — and that before the government approached him, Jagat Narain had been asked to defend the accused and had refused. It is notable that Jagat Narain was related to the Nehru family; Motilal Nehru was a towering national leader. That such a figure would prosecute the revolutionaries and not defend them was astonishing. But this was not new: he had previously been the crown’s counsel in the Mainpuri conspiracy case.

On the other side, a team of eminent defence lawyers was formed under Pandit Govind Ballabh Pant, later Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and Union Home Minister. That defence included Mohan Lal Sukhdev, Chandra Bhan Gupta, Ajit Prasad Jain, Gopinath Sriswastav, R. M. Bahadurji, B. K. Chaudhry, and Karpa Shankar Hajela — distinguished legal minds. Interestingly, during the trial, Ram Prasad Bismil even defended himself with remarkable skill. The trial proceeded; defence counsel pleaded earnestly, but the verdict had already been decided. The court proceedings were thus a mere formality; hence, the eloquence and toil of the defence bore no fruit.

Charges were framed against a total of fourteen persons. Of these, Ashfaq Ullah Khan, Ram Prasad Bismil, Rajendra Nath Lahri, and Thakur Roshan Singh received death sentences. Others were sentenced to life imprisonment; some received fourteen years’ rigorous imprisonment; the minimum sentence was three years. Three accused — Binwari Lal, Banarsi Lal and Indu Bhushan Sultani — turned state witnesses and received two-year sentences. Some were acquitted for lack of evidence. The crown and the court exerted great pressure to persuade Ashfaq Ullah Khan to become a state witness, but, having refused from the start, he remained steadfast to the end. Additionally, a subsidiary case against Ashfaq Ullah and Sachindra Bakhshi was lodged before Special Judge J. R. W. Bennett, resulting in further sentences. Appeals to the Chief Court of Oudh were made but all penalties were upheld. The final decision was announced on 8 July 1927, and the date of execution set for 9 December 1927.

Significantly, during the trial, the prosecution presented the Hindustani Republican Army’s manifesto, Inquilabi, as evidence. Nationwide protests ensued against the judicial verdict; the Central Legislative Assembly appealed to the Viceroy to commute the death sentences to life imprisonment. Appeals were made to the Privy Council in London through the well-known English lawyer Pollock, but all proved ineffective; the death sentences stood. Among the revolutionaries implicated in the raid, Chandra Shekhar Azad was the only one who evaded police custody until the end.

In Faizabad Jail, Ashfaq Ullah spent his final days with patience, devoting himself to worship, recitation and remembrance. One eyewitness later wrote that one night, while Ashfaq was engaged in the two-part prayer in his cell, two British officers passed his dark cell; one peered in with a mocking tone and said arrogantly, “We shall see whether his faith sustains when we hang him and he dies like a rat.” Whether Ashfaq heard this taunt or not is uncertain; he continued his prayer undisturbed.

Ashfaq Ullah was an educated man with his own thinking and conviction. He believed, “Our conscience is clear. We have not committed any immoral or unlawful act. Even if we have broken the law, it is the law of an alien, usurping, tyrannical government which we do not accept. Our struggle is against foreign domination, not against the people.” During imprisonment, he regularly kept a diary, and a few of his entries are worthy of preservation as golden sayings. Consider the following:

“Patriotism brings with it all kinds of hardships and suffering; but for the one who chooses this path, all those hardships become a source of comfort and are rendered easy.”
“I have borne hardships only for my homeland.”
“No dreams remain except this: that my children, my beloved ones, should dream of the struggle for which my fate is to be expected.”
“After my death my brothers and friends will weep and lament, but I weep for their indifference and coldness toward the motherland.”
“Do not weep for my little ones; do not weep for my elders; I am alive, I am eternal.”

It is remarkable that such thoughts came from a young man who had seen only twenty-seven springs and then bid the world farewell.

Before his forced end, in a letter addressed to his mother, Ashfaq Hasrat recorded a few couplets and left a message to his descendants:

We, too, performed the deeds that were in our power;
When we performed them, we were free and in the bloom of youth.
Now whatever hopes remain, they lie with you alone —
You are young, climb to the rooftop; the sun is yours.

کئے تھے کام ہم نے بھی، جو کچھ بھی ہم سے بن پائے)

یہ باتیں جب کی ہیں، آزاد تھے اور تھا شباب اپنا

مگر اب تو جو کچھ بھی ہیں امیدیں، بس وہ تم سے ہیں

(جواں تم ہو، لبِ بام آچکا ہے، آفتاب اپنا

At last, the time for this tale of courage arrived. On the morning of 9 December 1927, after the completion of legal formalities, Ashfaq Ullah was taken to the gallows. Even at the last moment, he remained calm. He walked the brief path to execution with dignity and resolute bearing. Standing on the scaffold, he declared: “My hands are not stained with anyone’s blood; all the charges against me are false.” Then he loudly recited the kalima (the Islamic declaration of faith), prepared to meet his Lord. In a moment, the choice was made: this lamp of freedom drank the cup of martyrdom, offered his life for his nation and people, and departed this world. Yet in truth, he became alive — a shining star in the firmament whose radiance will endure. Any accurate history of India’s freedom struggle will be incomplete without mention of him. This child of the nation is immortal. Ashfaq Ullah Khan fought a just battle; a just cause’s outcome needs no argument:

Victory and defeat are matters of fate, yet, O Mir,
The weak heart put up a fine fight.

شکست و فتح، نصیبوں سے ہے ولے اے میرؔ)

(مقابلہ تو دلِ ناتواں نے خوب کیا

Sunday, October 19, 2025

Tribute Series/Aligarh Legacy__Syed Hamid:The Living Image of Knowledge, Grace, and Perfection

The Living Image of Knowledge, Grace, and Perfection

  "I am honoured to share a beautiful composition originally written in Urdu by my beloved teacher, Ustād Dr Muzaffar Hussain Syed (Dr M.H. Syed) (Alig). His words have always inspired me deeply, and I have attempted to convey their essence in English."

                                                  Translation: Babuddin Usmani 

In our present age, when deep insight is a rarity, among the most distinguished men of letters — a paragon of learning and action, the embodiment of gentleness and good conduct, the image of humility and modesty, the summit of eloquence, the possessor of unmatched talent, overflowing with compassion for his people and immersed in the concerns of his nation — if there was one such person, it was Allama Syed Hamid.

All these noble attributes found their living expression in him. Nobility, refinement, etiquette, culture, and grace — if all these virtues could ever converge in one person, that unique soul was Syed Hamid. A learned scholar who acted upon his knowledge, a benefactor to humanity, a selfless companion of his community, a sincere servant of the nation — utterly unfamiliar with the art of self-praise and averse to publicity. If all these layers of virtue were bound together in a single being, it was in him — Syed Hamid, the matchless luminary.

Just as Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was honoured with the title Seyyed Wala Gohar (“the noble pearl of the Syeds”), so too was Syed Hamid a precious gem in his own right. In recognition of his invaluable services and noble qualities, the elders of the community conferred upon him the title Seyyed Sani — “the Second Syed.” Though he never willingly accepted or encouraged this title — often even rebuking those who used it — his deeds silently bore witness to its truth.

The galaxy of benefactors who rendered great service to the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College and later Aligarh Muslim University after Sir Syed is not a short list: among its shining stars are Mohsinul Mulk, Viqarul Mulk, Sheikh Abdullah, Dr. Ziauddin, Dr. Zakir Hussain — and Syed Hamid.

Syed Hamid was an institution unto himself — a movement in motion. Ever dynamic, ever active, he was constantly engaged in purposeful work. A spiritual disciple of Sir Syed, he shared that same compassion, that same burning zeal which had inspired the reformer of the previous century. He deeply admired Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, and within him glowed the same wisdom, foresight, and patience that had adorned the great Maulana — as if these were inherited qualities passed down through time.

Just as we continue to reap the fruits of Sir Syed’s tireless labour and Maulana Azad’s visionary planning, so too will we benefit for decades — indeed centuries — from the blessings of Syed Hamid’s wisdom, knowledge, and deeds. Like Ghalib, whose true worth was realised only after his passing, the magnitude of Syed Hamid’s contributions will become clearer with time, as the slumbering eyes of the nation awaken and the results of his lifelong dedication to education and reform continue to unfold, a reward that shall never cease.

His personality was vast, multi-dimensional, and vibrant — so rich that entire volumes would be needed to illuminate each facet. A single essay cannot capture the totality of his virtues. Yet, this humble attempt — born of sincerity and reverence — may perhaps shed a faint light.

Syed Hamid was a scholar, writer, poet, journalist, educationist, reformer — and above all, a great human being. His honesty and integrity were so transparent that even his critics could never question them. One could differ with his opinions, but to doubt his sincerity or uprightness was impossible.

He was the last torchbearer of knowledge and intellect in our community — a one-man army who, like his mentor Sir Syed, would set out alone upon thorny paths to accomplish his mission, and followers would gradually form a caravan behind him. He was not only learned, but a man of action — the living embodiment of applied knowledge.

A true genius of his time, equally at ease in English, Persian, and Urdu, his literary style — infused with Persian grace — often soared above ordinary understanding but filled discerning readers with delight. This writer, through his association with various newspapers and journals, often had the privilege of reading his articles before publication — a source of great honour.

Blessed indeed are the nations that produce such souls, devoted wholly to the welfare of their people. In that sense, our community too is fortunate that it gave birth to such a noble giant — one who revived Sir Syed’s mission, gave new direction to Azad’s thought, and, adapting Zakir Hussain’s vision to modern needs, launched a new educational movement that he continued till his last breath.

Syed Hamid disliked self-promotion and preferred to keep his good deeds hidden beneath the cloak of humility. When admirers (this humble writer among them) sought to publicly acknowledge his contributions, he would gently but firmly decline, saying:

“Syed Hamid desires no publicity. It may harm the greater cause of the community and the University.”

Such saintly restraint reminded one of Iqbal’s concept of the “true believer” — a living embodiment of modesty and devotion. Those who knew him closely recognised his tenderness, warmth, and humility — not aloofness as some mistakenly believed. He spoke little, but listened intently, and sincerely appreciated sound opinions from others, even juniors.

Once, when advised by a colleague that his Persianised Urdu might be hard for students to grasp and that he might speak in English instead, he graciously accepted — and it worked well. Yet ironically, while students understood English, refined Urdu was beyond many of them!

He was careful and deliberate in forming opinions, but once convinced, stood firm — sometimes even stubbornly so. His integrity was such that even his opponents acknowledged it. Human he was, and therefore fallible, but never insincere. His patience, moderation, and moral strength were exemplary.

If one wished to summarise his many virtues in a few words, Hali’s verse would suffice:

“Discerning, subtle, and wise — pure of heart, pure of nature, pure of deeds.”

In his presence, one could glimpse Sir Syed’s revolutionary spirit, Iqbal’s stirring thought, Maulana Azad’s wisdom, and Dr. Zakir Hussain’s foresight — all harmonised within his personality. Yet he humbly insisted, “I am but a humble servant of the nation.”

Then, this writer would mischievously yet reverently respond, “Sayyid al-Qawm Khadimuhum — the leader of a people is their servant.”

Indeed, if greatness had a form, it was his.

Under the patronage of Hakim Abdul Hameed, Syed Hamid rendered unparalleled educational service to the Indian Muslim community. Though many have contributed regionally to education in India, none matched his national-level influence.

While Hakim Abdul Hameed founded Jamia Hamdard, it was Syed Hamid who shaped it into a full-fledged university of repute. The foundation was laid by one, but the edifice was raised by the other. In gratitude, the Hamdard community later made him its Chancellor.

Tragically, we at Aligarh failed to honour him as we should have. Despite being most deserving, he was not chosen as Vice-Chancellor. Indeed, we have often shown ingratitude to our benefactors — as history sadly records with Dr. Ziauddin, Dr. Zakir Hussain, and now Syed Hamid.

During his tenure as Vice-Chancellor of AMU, he implemented the AMU Amendment Act 1981, expanding the university’s reach through new centres across the country. He introduced modern departments, built infrastructure, and infused the institution with fresh vitality.

My personal bond with him extended beyond our shared alma mater — we were both sons of Moradabad, bound by origin and spirit. But more deeply, our connection arose from his anguish for the community — a rare and consuming concern for its welfare.

Though often saddened by the apathy of society, he never lost hope. He would say,

“A strange nation — its own worst enemy!”
Yet he kept searching for the faintest ray of light.

I first met him some forty years ago in Delhi, when he headed a major government institution he himself had founded. I had gone, with fellow students, to invite him to inaugurate an All-India seminar in Aligarh. Contrary to expectations, he received us warmly. After listening patiently, he smiled and said:

“It would be an honour to attend, but certain constraints prevent me now.”

A few weeks later, we learned the reason — he had been appointed Vice-Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University, upon the recommendation of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi herself, to guide the institution through a new legislative phase.

Later, as a journalist covering Aligarh, I witnessed his courage, patience, and steadfastness during some of the university’s most turbulent times. Even amid hostility, he achieved monumental progress — the mark of a true leader.

Many anecdotes reveal his grace, humour, and humility — his ability to correct gently, to endure folly with patience, and to appreciate wit even when directed at himself. His humaneness shone through every encounter.

In short, Syed Hamid was the living spirit of Aligarh — the custodian of its ideals, the heir to its reformist tradition, and the bridge between Sir Syed’s vision and our modern age. 

सैयद हामिद: ज्ञान, अनुग्रह और पूर्णता की जीवित छवि

"मुझे अपने प्रिय शिक्षक, उस्ताद डॉ. मुजफ्फर हुसैन सैयद (डॉ. एम.एच. सैयद) (अलीग) द्वारा मूल रूप से उर्दू में लिखी गई एक सुंदर रचना साझा करने पर गर्व है। उनके शब्दों ने मुझे हमेशा गहराई से प्रेरित किया है, और मैंने उनका सार हिंदी में व्यक्त करने का प्रयास किया है।"

हमारे वर्तमान युग में, जब गहन अंतर्दृष्टि दुर्लभ है, साहित्य के सर्वाधिक प्रतिष्ठित व्यक्तियों में - शिक्षा और कर्म का प्रतिरूप, सज्जनता और अच्छे आचरण की प्रतिमूर्ति, विनम्रता और विनय की प्रतिमूर्ति, वाक्पटुता की पराकाष्ठा, अद्वितीय प्रतिभा का स्वामी, अपने लोगों के प्रति करुणा से ओतप्रोत और अपने राष्ट्र की चिंताओं में डूबा हुआ - यदि कोई ऐसा व्यक्ति था, तो वह अल्लामा सैयद हामिद थे ।

ये सभी महान गुण उनमें जीवंत अभिव्यक्ति पाते थे। कुलीनता, परिष्कार, शिष्टाचार, संस्कृति और शालीनता - अगर ये सभी गुण किसी एक व्यक्ति में समाहित हो सकते थे, तो वह अद्वितीय आत्मा सैयद हामिद थे। एक विद्वान जो अपने ज्ञान पर अमल करता था, मानवता का उपकारक, अपने समुदाय का निस्वार्थ साथी, राष्ट्र का एक सच्चा सेवक - आत्म-प्रशंसा की कला से बिल्कुल अपरिचित और प्रचार से विमुख। अगर गुणों की ये सभी परतें किसी एक व्यक्ति में समाहित थीं, तो वह थे सैयद हामिद, एक अद्वितीय प्रकाशमान।

जिस प्रकार सर सैयद अहमद खान को सैय्यद वाला गौहर ("सैय्यदों का महान मोती") की उपाधि से सम्मानित किया गया था , उसी प्रकार सैयद हामिद भी अपने आप में एक अनमोल रत्न थे। उनकी अमूल्य सेवाओं और महान गुणों के सम्मान में, समुदाय के बुजुर्गों ने उन्हें सैय्यद सानी - "द्वितीय सैयद" की उपाधि प्रदान की। हालाँकि उन्होंने कभी स्वेच्छा से इस उपाधि को स्वीकार या प्रोत्साहित नहीं किया - अक्सर इसे इस्तेमाल करने वालों को फटकार भी लगाई - फिर भी उनके कर्म इसकी सत्यता की मौन गवाही देते रहे।

सर सैयद के बाद मोहम्मडन एंग्लो-ओरिएंटल कॉलेज और बाद में अलीगढ़ मुस्लिम विश्वविद्यालय को महान सेवा प्रदान करने वाले दानदाताओं की सूची छोटी नहीं है: इसके चमकते सितारों में मोहसिनुल मुल्क, विकारुल मुल्क, शेख अब्दुल्ला, डॉ. जियाउद्दीन, डॉ. जाकिर हुसैन - और सैयद हामिद शामिल हैं।

सैयद हामिद अपने आप में एक संस्था थे —एक गतिशील आंदोलन। सदैव गतिशील, सदैव सक्रिय, वे निरंतर उद्देश्यपूर्ण कार्यों में लगे रहते थे। सर सैयद के आध्यात्मिक शिष्य होने के नाते, उनमें वही करुणा, वही प्रज्वलित उत्साह था जिसने पिछली शताब्दी के सुधारकों को प्रेरित किया था। वे मौलाना अबुल कलाम आज़ाद के बहुत प्रशंसक थे, और उनमें वही ज्ञान, दूरदर्शिता और धैर्य था जो महान मौलाना में था—मानो ये गुण समय के साथ विरासत में मिले हों।

जिस तरह हम सर सैयद के अथक परिश्रम और मौलाना आज़ाद की दूरदर्शी योजना का फल प्राप्त करते रहेंगे, उसी तरह सैयद हामिद की बुद्धिमत्ता, ज्ञान और कर्मों के आशीर्वाद से भी हम दशकों, बल्कि सदियों तक, लाभान्वित होते रहेंगे। ग़ालिब की तरह, जिनकी असली कीमत उनके निधन के बाद ही समझ में आई, सैयद हामिद के योगदान का महत्व समय के साथ और स्पष्ट होता जाएगा, जैसे-जैसे राष्ट्र की सोई हुई आँखें जागेंगी और शिक्षा एवं सुधार के प्रति उनके आजीवन समर्पण के परिणाम सामने आते रहेंगे, एक ऐसा पुरस्कार जो कभी समाप्त नहीं होगा।

उनका व्यक्तित्व विशाल, बहुआयामी और जीवंत था—इतना समृद्ध कि उसके हर पहलू को उजागर करने के लिए पूरी किताबें लिखनी पड़ेंगी। एक अकेला निबंध उनके गुणों की समग्रता को बयां नहीं कर सकता। फिर भी, ईमानदारी और श्रद्धा से उपजा यह विनम्र प्रयास शायद एक हल्की सी रोशनी डाल सके।

सैयद हामिद एक विद्वान, लेखक, कवि, पत्रकार, शिक्षाविद्, सुधारक — और सबसे बढ़कर, एक महान इंसान थे। उनकी ईमानदारी और निष्ठा इतनी पारदर्शी थी कि उनके आलोचक भी उन पर कभी सवाल नहीं उठा सकते थे। कोई उनकी राय से असहमत हो सकता था, लेकिन उनकी ईमानदारी या सत्यनिष्ठा पर संदेह करना असंभव था।

वे हमारे समुदाय में ज्ञान और बुद्धि के अंतिम मशालवाहक थे —एक ऐसी सेना जो अपने गुरु सर सैयद की तरह, अपने मिशन को पूरा करने के लिए अकेले ही काँटों भरे रास्तों पर निकल पड़ी, और उनके पीछे धीरे-धीरे अनुयायियों का एक कारवां बनता गया। वे न केवल विद्वान थे, बल्कि कर्मठ व्यक्ति भी थे—व्यवहारिक ज्ञान की जीवंत प्रतिमूर्ति।

अपने समय के एक सच्चे प्रतिभाशाली लेखक , अंग्रेज़ी, फ़ारसी और उर्दू में समान रूप से निपुण, उनकी साहित्यिक शैली—फ़ारसी की शालीनता से ओतप्रोत—अक्सर सामान्य समझ से परे होती थी, लेकिन समझदार पाठकों को आनंद से भर देती थी। विभिन्न समाचार-पत्रों और पत्रिकाओं से जुड़े होने के कारण, इस लेखक को अक्सर प्रकाशन से पहले अपने लेख पढ़ने का सौभाग्य प्राप्त होता था—जो उनके लिए बहुत सम्मान की बात थी।

वे राष्ट्र सचमुच धन्य हैं जो ऐसे लोगों को जन्म देते हैं जो अपनी जनता के कल्याण के लिए पूरी तरह समर्पित होते हैं। इस अर्थ में, हमारा समुदाय भी भाग्यशाली है कि उसने ऐसे महान व्यक्तित्व को जन्म दिया - जिसने सर सैयद के मिशन को पुनर्जीवित किया, आज़ाद के विचारों को नई दिशा दी, और ज़ाकिर हुसैन के दृष्टिकोण को आधुनिक आवश्यकताओं के अनुरूप ढालते हुए एक नया शैक्षिक आंदोलन चलाया जिसे उन्होंने अपनी अंतिम सांस तक जारी रखा।

सैयद हामिद आत्म-प्रशंसा से घृणा करते थे और अपने अच्छे कार्यों को विनम्रता की आड़ में छिपाना पसंद करते थे। जब प्रशंसक (उनमें से एक यह विनम्र लेखक भी था) उनके योगदान को सार्वजनिक रूप से स्वीकार करना चाहते थे, तो वे विनम्रता से लेकिन दृढ़ता से मना कर देते थे, और कहते थे:

"सैयद हामिद किसी भी तरह का प्रचार नहीं चाहते। इससे समुदाय और विश्वविद्यालय के व्यापक हित को नुकसान पहुँच सकता है।"

इस तरह का संत-सा संयम हमें इक़बाल की "सच्चे आस्तिक" की अवधारणा की याद दिलाता था —विनम्रता और समर्पण का जीवंत प्रतीक। जो लोग उन्हें करीब से जानते थे, वे उनकी कोमलता, गर्मजोशी और विनम्रता को पहचानते थे—न कि अलगाव जैसा कि कुछ लोग ग़लतफ़हमी में मानते थे। वे कम बोलते थे, लेकिन ध्यान से सुनते थे, और दूसरों, यहाँ तक कि अपने से छोटे बच्चों की भी, अच्छी राय की ईमानदारी से कद्र करते थे।

एक बार, जब एक सहकर्मी ने उन्हें सलाह दी कि उनकी फ़ारसीकृत उर्दू छात्रों के लिए समझना मुश्किल हो सकती है, तो वे अंग्रेज़ी में बात कर सकते हैं, तो उन्होंने विनम्रता से स्वीकार कर लिया—और यह कारगर भी रहा। लेकिन विडंबना यह है कि जहाँ छात्र अंग्रेज़ी समझ लेते थे, वहीं परिष्कृत उर्दू उनमें से कई के बस की बात नहीं थी!

वे अपनी राय बनाने में बहुत सावधान और सोच-समझकर काम करते थे, लेकिन एक बार जब वे आश्वस्त हो जाते थे, तो अडिग रहते थे—कभी-कभी तो ज़िद पर भी अड़े रहते थे। उनकी ईमानदारी ऐसी थी कि उनके विरोधी भी इसे स्वीकार करते थे। वे इंसान थे, इसलिए उनसे गलतियाँ हो सकती थीं, लेकिन कभी भी निष्ठाहीन नहीं थे। उनका धैर्य, संयम और नैतिक बल अनुकरणीय थे।

यदि कोई उनके अनेक गुणों को कुछ शब्दों में संक्षेप में प्रस्तुत करना चाहे तो हाली की यह कविता पर्याप्त होगी:

“विवेकशील, सूक्ष्म और बुद्धिमान - हृदय से शुद्ध, स्वभाव से शुद्ध, कर्म से शुद्ध।”

उनकी उपस्थिति में, सर सैयद की क्रांतिकारी भावना , इकबाल के प्रेरक विचार , मौलाना आज़ाद की बुद्धिमत्ता और डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन की दूरदर्शिता की झलक मिलती थी —ये सब उनके व्यक्तित्व में समाहित थे। फिर भी, उन्होंने विनम्रतापूर्वक कहा, "मैं राष्ट्र का एक विनम्र सेवक हूँ।"

तब, यह लेखक शरारतपूर्ण किन्तु श्रद्धापूर्वक उत्तर देता था, “सैय्यद अल-कौम खादीमुहुम - लोगों का नेता उनका सेवक होता है।”

वास्तव में, यदि महानता का कोई रूप था, तो वह उनका था।

हकीम अब्दुल हमीद के संरक्षण में , सैयद हमीद ने भारतीय मुस्लिम समुदाय को अद्वितीय शैक्षिक सेवा प्रदान की। हालाँकि भारत में शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में कई लोगों ने क्षेत्रीय स्तर पर योगदान दिया है, लेकिन राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर उनके प्रभाव की बराबरी कोई नहीं कर सका ।

जहाँ हकीम अब्दुल हमीद ने जामिया हमदर्द की स्थापना की , वहीं सैयद हमीद ने इसे एक प्रतिष्ठित विश्वविद्यालय का रूप दिया। नींव एक ने रखी, लेकिन इमारत दूसरे ने खड़ी की। कृतज्ञता स्वरूप, हमदर्द समुदाय ने बाद में उन्हें अपना कुलाधिपति बनाया।

दुर्भाग्य से, अलीगढ़ में हम उन्हें वैसा सम्मान नहीं दे पाए जैसा हमें देना चाहिए था। सबसे योग्य होने के बावजूद, उन्हें कुलपति नहीं चुना गया। दरअसल, हमने अक्सर अपने उपकारों के प्रति कृतघ्नता दिखाई है - जैसा कि इतिहास में डॉ. ज़ियाउद्दीन, डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन और अब सैयद हामिद के साथ दुखद रूप से दर्ज है।

एएमयू के कुलपति के रूप में अपने कार्यकाल के दौरान , उन्होंने एएमयू संशोधन अधिनियम 1981 को लागू किया , जिससे देश भर में नए केंद्रों के माध्यम से विश्वविद्यालय की पहुँच का विस्तार हुआ। उन्होंने आधुनिक विभागों की शुरुआत की, बुनियादी ढाँचे का निर्माण किया और संस्थान में नई जान फूँकी।

उनसे मेरा व्यक्तिगत जुड़ाव हमारी साझा मातृसंस्था से कहीं आगे तक फैला था—हम दोनों मुरादाबाद के बेटे थे , मूल और आत्मा से जुड़े हुए। लेकिन उससे भी ज़्यादा गहराई से, हमारा जुड़ाव समुदाय के प्रति उनकी पीड़ा से उपजा था—उसके कल्याण के लिए एक दुर्लभ और गहन चिंता।

हालाँकि समाज की उदासीनता से वह अक्सर दुखी होते थे, फिर भी उन्होंने कभी उम्मीद नहीं छोड़ी। वह कहते थे,

"एक अजीब राष्ट्र - अपना ही सबसे बड़ा दुश्मन!"
फिर भी वह प्रकाश की एक धुंधली किरण की तलाश में रहा।

मेरी उनसे पहली मुलाक़ात लगभग चालीस साल पहले दिल्ली में हुई थी, जब वे एक बड़े सरकारी संस्थान के अध्यक्ष थे जिसकी स्थापना उन्होंने ख़ुद की थी। मैं अपने साथी छात्रों के साथ उन्हें अलीगढ़ में एक अखिल भारतीय संगोष्ठी का उद्घाटन करने के लिए आमंत्रित करने गया था। उम्मीद के विपरीत, उन्होंने हमारा गर्मजोशी से स्वागत किया। धैर्यपूर्वक सुनने के बाद, वे मुस्कुराए और बोले:

"इसमें भाग लेना सम्मान की बात होगी, लेकिन कुछ बाध्यताएं मुझे अभी इसमें भाग लेने से रोक रही हैं।"

कुछ सप्ताह बाद हमें इसका कारण पता चला - उन्हें स्वयं प्रधानमंत्री इंदिरा गांधी की सिफारिश पर अलीगढ़ मुस्लिम विश्वविद्यालय का कुलपति नियुक्त किया गया था, ताकि वे संस्थान को एक नए विधायी चरण में मार्गदर्शन दे सकें।

बाद में, अलीगढ़ को कवर करने वाले एक पत्रकार के रूप में, मैंने विश्वविद्यालय के कुछ सबसे उथल-पुथल भरे दौर में उनके साहस, धैर्य और दृढ़ता को देखा। शत्रुता के बावजूद, उन्होंने अभूतपूर्व प्रगति हासिल की - जो एक सच्चे नेता की पहचान है।

कई किस्से उनकी शालीनता, हास्य और विनम्रता को दर्शाते हैं—धीरे-धीरे सुधार करने की उनकी क्षमता, मूर्खता को धैर्य से सहने की उनकी क्षमता, और खुद पर निर्देशित बुद्धि की भी कद्र करने की उनकी क्षमता। हर मुलाक़ात में उनकी मानवीयता झलकती थी।

संक्षेप में, सैयद हामिद अलीगढ़ की जीवंत आत्मा थे - इसके आदर्शों के संरक्षक, इसकी सुधारवादी परंपरा के उत्तराधिकारी, तथा सर सैयद के दृष्टिकोण और हमारे आधुनिक युग के बीच सेतु।

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